Which of the following can contribute to stage fright in public speaking?

Fear of audience judgment is a significant factor that can contribute to stage fright in public speaking. This fear often stems from the concern about how one’s performance will be perceived by the audience, including worries about being criticized, making mistakes, or not meeting the audience's expectations. The thought of being evaluated can create anxiety, leading to physical symptoms of stage fright, such as rapid heartbeat, sweating, or even shaking.

In public speaking situations, the perception of the audience as a critical entity can heighten nervousness. When speakers believe that their worth or competence is being judged by the audience, the pressure can be overwhelming. This fear can manifest regardless of the speaker's experience level, causing difficulties even for those who are otherwise competent in their communication skills.

In contrast, high self-esteem, being well-prepared, and having a history of successful speeches typically reduce anxiety rather than contribute to it. Individuals with high self-esteem are usually more confident in their abilities, prepared speakers feel ready and equipped to handle the presentation, and those with past successful experiences often build a positive association with public speaking, leading to reduced stage fright.